Integrated Circuit Chips: Difference between revisions

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== Processor ==
== Processor ==
* [[Chip - 65C02 CPU]]
* [[Chip - 65C02 CPU|65C02 CPU]]
== RAM ==
== RAM ==
System RAM in NerdConsole should operate at 55ns or faster.
System RAM in NerdConsole should operate at 55ns or faster.
* [[Chip - AS6C62256 32KB RAM]]
* [[Chip - AS6C62256 32KB RAM|AS6C62256 32KB RAM]]
* [[Chip - AS6C4008 512KB RAM]]
* [[Chip - AS6C4008 512KB RAM|AS6C4008 512KB RAM]]
== ROM ==
== ROM ==
Cartridge ROM in NerdConsole should operate at 150ns or faster.
Cartridge ROM in NerdConsole should operate at 150ns or faster.
* [[Chip - AT28C64 8KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - AT28C64 8KB ROM|AT28C64 8KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - AT28C256 32KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - AT28C256 32KB ROM|AT28C256 32KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - W27C512 64KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - W27C512 64KB ROM|W27C512 64KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - SST39SF010 128KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - SST39SF010 128KB ROM|SST39SF010 128KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - SST39SF020 256KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - SST39SF020 256KB ROM|SST39SF020 256KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - SST39SF040 512KB ROM]]
* [[Chip - SST39SF040 512KB ROM|SST39SF040 512KB ROM]]
== Audio ==
== Audio ==
* [[Chip - YM-3812 Audio]]
* [[Chip - YM-3812 Audio|YM-3812 Audio]]
* [[Chip - YM-3014 DAC]]
* [[Chip - YM-3014 DAC|YM-3014 DAC]]
* [[Chip - OPA2132 2x OpAmp]]
* [[Chip - OPA2132 2x OpAmp|OPA2132 2x OpAmp]]
== Logic ==
== Logic ==
* [[Chip - 74HCT00 4x 2-Input NAND]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT00 4x 2-Input NAND|74HCT00 4x 2-Input NAND]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT08 4x 2-Input AND]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT08 4x 2-Input AND|74HCT08 4x 2-Input AND]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT14 6x Inverter]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT14 6x Inverter|74HCT14 6x Inverter]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT30 1x 8-Input NAND]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT30 1x 8-Input NAND|74HCT30 1x 8-Input NAND]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT32 4x 2-Input OR]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT32 4x 2-Input OR|74HCT32 4x 2-Input OR]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT139 2x 2 to 4 Line Decoder]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT139 2x 2 to 4 Line Decoder|74HCT139 2x 2 to 4 Line Decoder]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT238 1x 3 to 8 Line Decoder]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT238 1x 3 to 8 Line Decoder|74HCT238 1x 3 to 8 Line Decoder]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT240 8x Inverting Buffer]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT240 8x Inverting Buffer|74HCT240 8x Inverting Buffer]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT273 8x D-Type Flip-Flops]]
* [[Chip - 74HCT273 8x D-Type Flip-Flops|74HCT273 8x D-Type Flip-Flops]]
== Clock ==
== Clock ==
* [[Chip - Crystal Oscillator]]
* [[Chip - Crystal Oscillator|Crystal Oscillator]]




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= Audio =
The audio system in NerdConsole has a dedicated audio processor which is driven the CPU.  The output of that is then piped to the Raspberry Pi based PPU for inclusion in the HDMI signal.
== YM-3812 ==
The Yamaha YM-3812 is the same audio processor that was found in countless Adlib and SoundBlaster sound cards.
{| class="wikitable"
| style="text-align:right" width="180" | VCC
! style="text-align:left" width="30" | 1
! style="text-align:right" width="30" | 24
| style="text-align:left" width="180" | M
|-
| style="text-align:right" | ~IRQ
! style="text-align:left" | 2
! style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:left" | SY
|-
| style="text-align:right" | ~IC
! style="text-align:left" | 3
! style="text-align:right" | 22
| style="text-align:left" | NC
|-
| style="text-align:right" | A0
! style="text-align:left" | 4
! style="text-align:right" | 21
| style="text-align:left" | MO
|-
| style="text-align:right" | ~WR
! style="text-align:left" | 5
! style="text-align:right" | 20
| style="text-align:left" | SH
|-
| style="text-align:right" | ~RD
! style="text-align:left" | 6
! style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:left" | NC
|-
| style="text-align:right" | ~CS
! style="text-align:left" | 7
! style="text-align:right" | 18
| style="text-align:left" | D7
|-
| style="text-align:right" | NC
! style="text-align:left" | 8
! style="text-align:right" | 17
| style="text-align:left" | D6
|-
| style="text-align:right" | NC
! style="text-align:left" | 9
! style="text-align:right" | 16
| style="text-align:left" | D5
|-
| style="text-align:right" | D0
! style="text-align:left" | 10
! style="text-align:right" | 15
| style="text-align:left" | D4
|-
| style="text-align:right" | D1
! style="text-align:left" | 11
! style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:left" | D3
|-
| style="text-align:right" | GND
! style="text-align:left" | 12
! style="text-align:right" | 13
| style="text-align:left" | D2
|}
== YM-3014 ==
This chip is a digital to analog converter (DAC) and is used to convert the digital signals produced by the YM-3812 into actual analog audio waveforms.
{| class="wikitable"
| style="text-align:right" width="180" | VCC
! style="text-align:left" width="30" | 1
! style="text-align:right" width="30" | 8
| style="text-align:left" width="180" | MP
|-
| style="text-align:right" | To BUFF
! style="text-align:left" | 2
! style="text-align:right" | 7
| style="text-align:left" | RB
|-
| style="text-align:right" | LOAD
! style="text-align:left" | 3
! style="text-align:right" | 6
| style="text-align:left" | GND
|-
| style="text-align:right" | SD
! style="text-align:left" | 4
! style="text-align:right" | 5
| style="text-align:left" | CLOCK
|}
= Logic =
NerdConsole uses a variety of logic chips for address decoding, holding register values, and buffering data as it moves between systems.
== 74HCT00 ==
This chip provides four 2-input NAND gates.
{| class="wikitable"
| style="text-align:right" width="180" | 1A
! style="text-align:left" width="30" | 1
! style="text-align:right" width="30" | 14
| style="text-align:left" width="180" | VCC
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1B
! style="text-align:left" | 2
! style="text-align:right" | 13
| style="text-align:left" | 4B
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1Y
! style="text-align:left" | 3
! style="text-align:right" | 12
| style="text-align:left" | 4A
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2A
! style="text-align:left" | 4
! style="text-align:right" | 11
| style="text-align:left" | 4Y
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2B
! style="text-align:left" | 5
! style="text-align:right" | 10
| style="text-align:left" | 3B
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2Y
! style="text-align:left" | 6
! style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:left" | 3A
|-
| style="text-align:right" | GND
! style="text-align:left" | 7
! style="text-align:right" | 8
| style="text-align:left" | 3Y
|}
== 74HCT08 ==
This chip provides four 2-input AND gates.
{| class="wikitable"
| style="text-align:right" width="180" | 1A
! style="text-align:left" width="30" | 1
! style="text-align:right" width="30" | 14
| style="text-align:left" width="180" | VCC
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1B
! style="text-align:left" | 2
! style="text-align:right" | 13
| style="text-align:left" | 4B
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 1Y
! style="text-align:left" | 3
! style="text-align:right" | 12
| style="text-align:left" | 4A
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2A
! style="text-align:left" | 4
! style="text-align:right" | 11
| style="text-align:left" | 4Y
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2B
! style="text-align:left" | 5
! style="text-align:right" | 10
| style="text-align:left" | 3B
|-
| style="text-align:right" | 2Y
! style="text-align:left" | 6
! style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:left" | 3A
|-
| style="text-align:right" | GND
! style="text-align:left" | 7
! style="text-align:right" | 8
| style="text-align:left" | 3Y
|}


== 74HCT14 ==
== 74HCT14 ==

Revision as of 16:40, 22 January 2024

There are several different types of chips used in NerdConsole.

Processor

RAM

System RAM in NerdConsole should operate at 55ns or faster.

ROM

Cartridge ROM in NerdConsole should operate at 150ns or faster.

Audio

Logic

Clock


STILL MOVING CHIP PINOUTS TO THEIR OWN PAGES


74HCT14

This chip provides six signal inverters.

1A 1 14 VCC
1Y 2 13 6A
2A 3 12 6Y
2Y 4 11 5A
3A 5 10 5Y
3Y 6 9 4A
GND 7 8 4Y

74HCT30

This chip provides a single 8-input NAND gate. This is used to identify when extended RAM bank 255 is selected and thus extended RAM writes should instead be directed to the PPU.

A 1 14 VCC
B 2 13 NC
C 3 12 H
D 4 11 G
E 5 10 NC
F 6 9 NC
GND 7 8 Y

74HCT32

This chip provides four 2-input OR gates.

1A 1 14 VCC
1B 2 13 4B
1Y 3 12 4A
2A 4 11 4Y
2B 5 10 3B
2Y 6 9 3A
GND 7 8 3Y

74HCT139

This chip is provides 2 separate 2 to 4 line decoders. Each takes 2 inputs as a 2-bit number (0-3) and turns on the single line that corresponds to that number as output.

~1G 1 16 VCC
1A 2 15 ~2G
1B 3 14 2A
1Y0 4 13 2B
1Y1 5 12 2Y0
1Y2 6 11 2Y1
1Y3 7 10 2Y2
GND 8 9 2Y3

74HCT238

This chip is a 3 to 8 line decoder. It takes 3 inputs as a 3-bit number (0-7) and turns on the single line that corresponds to that number as output.

A0 1 16 VCC
A1 2 15 Y0
A2 3 14 Y1
~G0 4 13 Y2
~G1 5 12 Y3
G2 6 11 Y4
Y7 7 10 Y5
GND 8 9 Y6

74HCT240

This chip reads the state of all 8 possible controllers and inverts the signal turning the 0s from pressed buttons into 1s.

~1OE 1 20 VCC
1A0 2 19 ~2OE
~2Y3 3 18 ~1Y0
1A1 4 17 2A3
~2Y2 5 16 ~1Y1
1A2 6 15 2A2
~2Y1 7 14 ~1Y2
1A3 8 13 2A1
~2Y0 9 12 ~1Y3
GND 10 11 2A0

74HCT273

This chip provides an octal D-type flip-flops with a clear pin for ensuring a known state upon system reset. These are commonly used for holding upper address pin values for bank selection.

~CLR 1 20 VCC
1Q 2 19 8Q
1D 3 18 8D
2D 4 17 7D
2Q 5 16 7Q
3Q 6 15 6Q
3D 7 14 6D
4D 8 13 5D
4Q 9 12 5Q
GND 10 11 CLK

Clock

Clock generation is handled with crystal oscillators. Regardless of the size (DIP-8 or DIP-14) the pinout is the same.

NC 1 4 VCC
GND 2 3 Clock

CPU Clock

The main CPU in NerdConsole operates at 6.00 MHz.

Audio Clock

The audio system in NerdConsole operates at 3.58 MHz. There is an independent clock crystal for this instead of doing clock division of the main CPU clock which would be less accurate and difficult.

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